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Brazilian hemorrhagic fever (BzHF) is an infectious disease caused by the Sabiá virus, an Arenavirus. The Sabiá virus is one of the arenoviruses from South America to cause hemorrhagic fever. It shares a common progenitor with the Junin virus, Machupo virus, Tacaribe virus, and Guanarito virus.〔 It is an enveloped RNA virus and is highly infectious and lethal.〔(NRT Quick Reference Guide: Brazilian Hemorrhagic Fever (BzHF) )〕 Very little is known about this disease, but it is thought to have be transmitted by the excreta of rodents.〔〔 There have only been three documented infections of the Sabiá virus, only one of which occurred naturally and the other two cases occurred in the clinical setting.〔 The only naturally occurring case was in 1990, when a female agricultural engineer who was staying in the neighborhood of Jardim Sabiá near São Paulo, Brazil contracted the disease. She presented with hemorrhagic fever and died.〔 Her autopsy showed liver necrosis.〔 A virologist who was studying the woman's disease contracted the virus but survived.〔 Ribavirin was not given in these first two cases.〔 Four years later, in 1994, a researcher was exposed to the virus in a level 3 biohazard facility at Yale University when a centrifuge bottle cracked, leaked, and released aerosolized virus particle.〔 He was successfully treated with ribavirin.〔〔http://www.stanford.edu/group/virus/arena/2005/SabiaVirus.htm Sabia Virus〕 Ribavirin is thought to be effective in treating the illness, similar to other arenaviruses.〔〔 Compared to the patients who did not receive ribavirin, the patient who was treated with it had a shorter and less severe clinical course.〔 Symptomatic control such as fluids to address dehydration and bleeding may also be required.〔 The Sabiá virus is a Biosafety Level 4 pathogen.〔 This virus has also been implicated as a means for bioterrorism, as it can be spread through aerosols.〔http://www.oregon.gov/DHS/ph/acd/bioterrorism/backvhf.pdf Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers and Bioterrorism〕 ==See also== *Arenavirus *Viral hemorrhagic fever 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brazilian hemorrhagic fever」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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